Usenokuba uqhelene neglasi, kodwa ngaba uyayazi imvelaphi yeglasi?Iglasi ayizange ivele kumaxesha anamhlanje, kodwa eYiputa kwiminyaka eyi-4000 eyadlulayo.
Ngezo mini, abantu babekhetha iiminerali ezithile baze bazinyibilikise kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu baze bazenze zibe nokumila, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho iglasi yokuqala.Nangona kunjalo, iglasi ayizange ibonakale ngokucacileyo njengokuba injalo namhlanje, kwaye kwaba kamva, njengoko ubuchwepheshe buphucula, iglasi yanamhlanje yavela.
Abanye abembi bezinto zakudala baye babona iglasi ukusuka kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo, kwaye umsebenzi wobugcisa uchazwe kakhulu.Oku kuye kwavusa umdla wabantu abaninzi kwisibakala sokuba iglasi iye yasinda kwimozulu kangangamawaka eminyaka ngaphandle kokonakala kwemvelo.Ngoko ngokwembono yesayensi, ixesha elide sinokuphosa ibhotile yeglasi endle kwaye ibe khona kwindalo?
Kukho ingcamango yokuba inokubakho kwizigidi zeminyaka, engeyontelekelelo kodwa enenyaniso ethile kuyo.
Iglasi ezinzileyo
Uninzi lwezikhongozeli ezisetyenziselwa ukugcina imichiza, umzekelo, zenziwe ngeglasi.Ezinye zazo zinokubangela iingozi ukuba zichithekile, kwaye iglasi, nangona iqinile, yonakele kwaye inokophuka xa iwiswe phantsi.
Ukuba le michiza iyingozi, kutheni usebenzisa iglasi njengesitya?Ngaba bekungayi kuba ngcono ukusebenzisa intsimbi engatyiwayo, ekwaziyo ukumelana nokuwa nokurusa?
Oku kungenxa yokuba iglasi izinzile kakhulu, zombini ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwekhemikhali, kwaye yeyona igqwesileyo kuzo zonke izinto.Ngokwasemzimbeni, iglasi ayiqhekeki kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye aphantsi.Enoba kubushushu basehlotyeni okanye kubanda ebusika, iglasi ihlala izinzile ngokwasemzimbeni.
Ngokuzinza kweekhemikhali, iglasi nayo izinzile ngakumbi kunesinyithi esinjengentsimbi engatyiwayo.Ezinye iiasidi kunye nezinto zealkaline azikwazi ukugrulisa iglasi xa ifakwe kwiglasi.Noko ke, ukuba kusetyenziswe intsimbi engatyiwa endaweni yoko, kwakungayi kuba lixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba inqanawa inyibilike.Nangona kuthiwa iglasi kulula ukuyiqhekeza, ikhuselekile ukuba igcinwe kakuhle.
Inkunkuma yeglasi kwindalo
Ngenxa yokuba iglasi izinzile, kunzima kakhulu ukulahla inkunkuma yeglasi kwindalo ukuyithoba ngokwendalo.Besisoloko siva ngaphambili ukuba iiplastiki zinzima ukuthotywa kwindalo, nasemva kwamashumi eminyaka okanye iinkulungwane.
Kodwa ngeli xesha akukho nto xa ithelekiswa neglasi.
Ngokwedatha yovavanyo lwangoku, kungathatha izigidi zeminyaka ukuba iglasi ithobe isidima ngokupheleleyo.
Kukho inani elikhulu lee-microorganisms kwindalo, kwaye ii-microorganisms ezahlukeneyo zinemikhwa eyahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno.Nangona kunjalo, i-microorganisms ayidli kwiglasi, ngoko akukho mfuneko yokuqwalasela ukuba iglasi iya kuthotywa yi-microorganisms.
Enye indlela indalo ethoba ngayo izinto ibizwa ngokuba yi-oxidation, njengaxa iqhekeza leplastiki emhlophe liphoswa kwindalo, ekuhambeni kwexesha iplastiki iya kukhubeka ibe ngumbala otyheli.Iplastiki ke iya kuba brittle kwaye iqhekeze ide iwe phantsi, anjalo amandla endalo oxidation.
Nokuba intsimbi ibonakala iqinile ibuthathaka xa ijongene ne-oxidation, kodwa iglasi iyaxhathisa kakhulu kwi-oxidation.Ioksijini ayikwazi ukwenza nantoni na kuyo nokuba ibekwe kwindalo, yingakho kungenakwenzeka ukuthobisa iglasi ngexesha elifutshane.
Iilwandle zeglasi ezinomdla
Kutheni amaqela okusingqongileyo engakuchasanga ukuphoswa kweglasi kwindalo xa ingenakonakaliswa?Ngenxa yokuba le nto ayinabungozi kakhulu kokusingqongileyo, ihlala injalo xa iphoswe emanzini kwaye ihlala injalo xa iphoswe emhlabeni, kwaye ayiyi kubola kangangamawaka eminyaka.
Ezinye iindawo ziya kuphinda zisetyenziswe iiglasi ezisetyenzisiweyo, umzekelo, iibhotile zeglasi ziyakuphinda zizaliswe ngeziselo okanye zinyibilikiswe ukuze kufakwe enye into.Kodwa ukuphinda kusetyenziswe iglasi kuxabisa kakhulu kwaye ngaphambili ibhotile yeglasi bekufuneka icocwe phambi kokuba izaliswe kwaye iphinde isetyenziswe.
Kamva, njengoko ubuxhakaxhaka buphucuka, kwaye kwacaca ukuba kwakunexabiso eliphantsi ukwenza ibhotile yeglasi entsha kunokuhlaziya enye.Ukurisayikilishwa kweebhotile zeglasi kwayekwa kwaye iibhotile ezingenamsebenzi zashiywa zithe tywa elunxwemeni.
Njengoko amaza ehlamba phezu kwabo, iibhotile zeglasi ziyangqubana kwaye zisasaze iziqwenga elunxwemeni, ngaloo ndlela zenza ulwandle lweglasi.Isenokubonakala ngathi inokukrwela ngokulula izandla neenyawo zabantu, kodwa enyanisweni unxweme oluninzi lweglasi alusakwazi ukwenzakalisa abantu.
Oku kungenxa yokuba njengoko igrabile ikhuhla kwiglasi, imiphetho iya iba mtyibilizi kwaye iphulukane nesiphumo sokusika.Abanye abantu abathanda ishishini nabo basebenzisa iilwandle ezinje ngeglasi njengendawo yokutsala abakhenkethi ukuze bafumane umvuzo.
Iglasi njengesixhobo sexesha elizayo
Sele kukho i-glass yenkunkuma eninzi eqokelelwe kwindalo, kwaye njengoko iimveliso zeglasi ziqhubeka ziveliswa, isixa sale glasi yenkunkuma iya kukhula ngokukhawuleza kwixesha elizayo.
Ezinye izazinzulu ziye zacebisa ukuba kwixa elizayo, ukuba intsimbi ekrwada esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iglasi inqabile, ngoko le nkunkuma yeglasi isenokuba bubutyebi.
Isetyenziswe ngokutsha yaza yaphoswa ezikweni, le nkunkuma yeglasi inokuphinda igalelwe kwiglasi.Akukho mfuneko yendawo ethile yokugcina esi sixhobo sexesha elizayo, mhlawumbi kwindawo evulekileyo okanye kwindawo yokugcina impahla, njengoko iglasi izinzile ngokugqithisileyo.
Iglasi engenakubuyiselwa
Iglasi iye yanendima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni uluntu.Kumaxesha angaphambili amaJiphutha ayesenza iglasi ngeenjongo zokuhombisa, kodwa kamva kwiglasi yayinokwenziwa kwiinqanawa ezahlukeneyo.Iglasi yaba yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nje awuzange uyiphule.
Kamva, kwasetyenziswa ubuchule obukhethekileyo ukwenza iglasi icace ngakumbi, nto leyo eyabonelela ngemiqathango yokwenziwa kweteleskopu.
Ukuveliswa kweteleskopu kwaqalisa ixesha lokuhamba ngenqanawa, yaye ukusetyenziswa kweglasi kwiiteleskopu zeenkwenkwezi kwenza uluntu lwayiqonda ngokupheleleyo indalo.Kufanelekile ukuthetha ukuba itekhnoloji yethu ngekhe ifikelele kubude obunayo ngaphandle kweglasi.
Kwixesha elizayo, iglasi iya kuqhubeka idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwaye ibe yimveliso engenakubuyiselwa.
Iglasi ekhethekileyo isetyenziswa kwizinto ezifana ne-laser, kunye nezixhobo zokubhabha.Nditsho neefowuni eziphathwayo esizisebenzisayo ziye zancama iplastiki enganyangekiyo kwaye yatshintshela kwiglasi yeCorning ukuze siphumeze umboniso ongcono.Emva kokufunda olu hlalutyo, ngaba ngokukhawuleza uvakalelwa kukuba iglasi engabonakaliyo iphezulu kwaye inamandla?
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-13-2022